In females below the ages of 25 years, higher educational top (Or dos.six, 95% CI step 1.1–6.1), and most a single regular (Otherwise 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–cuatro.1) otherwise everyday (Or step one.seven, 95% CI step one.0–dos.9) sexual mate forecast issues risk (Desk 4). There was and additionally an advice out-of a greater chance that have newest accessibility oral contraceptives (Otherwise 2.0, 95% CI 0.6–step one.5 – Desk cuatro). The addition of women planning to an adolescent infirmary (years thirteen–17 ages) don’t make a bias about analysis show, as the no mathematically tall variations had been discover when they was in fact omitted regarding studies. The fresh relationship that have number of lovers proceeded having a slightly lower opportunity ratio (Otherwise step one.eight, 95% CI 0.7–cuatro.2). Simultaneously, the latest connection having knowledge try healthier (Otherwise eight.cuatro, 95% CI step 1.9–30.0 to possess high level away from education).
nine, 95% CI step 1.step 3–step three.0 – Dining table 4). Former the means to access oral contraceptives improved the latest disease exposure slightly (Or step 1.six, 95% CI 1.0–dos.5) and you will parity a little reduces the risk (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–step one.2). No clear pattern of connection try observed one of female aged 35 or even more years. The study got not enough women of the chronilogical age of 55 age or even more to let subsequent subgroup research having significant mathematical fuel.
Early age and advanced out-of attained education was basically greatest predictors of several infection than simply of unmarried ones (Dining table 5). To possess numerous bacterial infections, there can be a pattern to have a defensive aftereffect of parity (for a few or even more college students as compared to nulliparous, Otherwise 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–step one.3) and rehearse out of condoms (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.9) (Dining table 5). In most instances, but not, checked-out attributes common comparable associations that have solitary and you will numerous infection.
Discussion
Up until now, few knowledge analyzed years-specific HPV incidence models and determinants of HPV problems one of women having typical cytology during the regions with a high chance off cervical malignant tumors. I declaration here the first study of this type done in Colombia. An overall total HPV DNA prevalence out-of fourteen.9% is located, that’s the same as one to claimed in other highest-risk communities inside the Mexico (fourteen.5%) (Lazcano et al, 2001) and you will Costa Rica (16%) (Herrero ainsi que al, 2000). Simultaneously, it is similar to new HPV-DNA incidence among manage female (13%) from inside the an effective concurrent circumstances–manage analysis for the Cali, Colombia (Munoz ainsi que al, 1996).
There can be no obvious connection within lives out-of informal sexual couples, years to start with sexual intercourse or earliest birth, access to IUDs otherwise condoms and risk
Several studies have recommended that the frequency away from HPV illness decrease with age, HPV are strange in cytological normal feminine over-age thirty five decades (Melkert mais aussi al, 1993; Morrison, 1994). However, a few recent large society-established studies off Costa Rica and you can Mexico along with exhibited some raise into the HPV problems one of women in peri- and blog post-menopausal decades. While in Costa Rica the newest height was found in female elderly than 55 many years, which have good predominance regarding LR HPV products, inside Mexico the second height come prior to, shortly after forty five years old, which have predominance out of Hr HPV brands and with a boost in recognition out-of LR HPV types than the younger age.
In our study new HPV prevalence on generation forty five–54 many years are reduced, but there was an increased prevalence of HPV problems in women aged 55 or higher age, which have an excellent predominance out-of LR types and you may several HPV infection, but nonetheless 5.7% was indeed Hour HPV confident. In the event the confirmed, the possibility of HPV disease – such as LR types – certainly post-menopause feminine, it can be explained in different ways: (1) reactivation from hidden HPV infections of the decreased immune reaction. Specific immunological studies show a reduction in releasing adult T tissues during the seniors right down to a reduction in CD8+ lymphocytes, a decline on frequency off CD4+ T muscle generating IL-2 and you will/otherwise the lowest expression inside the IL-dos receptors (Lesourd and you may Meaume, 1994; Gostout et al, 1998; Ginaldi et al, 1999). (2) Reactivation out of latent HPV infections by the hormone changes about the brand new gradual mГ¦nd der kan lide Armensk kvinder refuse away from ovarian means doing menopause (Lazcano ainsi que al, 2001). (3) A cohort perception (Herrero mais aussi al, 2000), where earlier women was in fact met with the virus at the beginning of life and belonged so you can years much more heavily met with HPV infection.